Gross domestic expenditure on research and development
million US dollars
R&D expenditures in various countries are shown as a time series from 2010 to 2022. The list includes 53 rows representing different countries, including Russia, Austria, and Belarus, allowing for comparison of science investment volumes between nations. Indicators are in millions of US dollars, with data collected annually over a twelve-year period
- Germany
- France
- Russia
- Italy
- Spain
- Netherlands
- Belgium
- Poland
Chart of internal R&D expenditure by country, 2010–2022, millions of US dollars
Set in numbers
Rosstat data for 2010–2022. Series: 53, periods: 7. Measurement unit — millions of US dollars. Breakdown: Russia; Austria; Belarus; Belgium; Bulgaria and others
Germany: the indicator grew from 86,955 to 174,857 between 2010 and 2022 — by a factor of 2.01. The highest value was 174,857 (2022), the lowest was 86,955 (2010). This is an average annual growth of 5.99%. Up to 2019, the change was +76.3%, after that it was +14.1%. Out of the 25 largest series, 25 increased, 0 decreased
All table numbers are series: 53
| Series | 2010 | 2015 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Россия | 33 080,90 | 38 818,60 | 41 895,90 | 47 412,60 | 50 746,40 | 54 949,70 | 55 600,00 |
| Австрия | 9 576,30 | 13 143,40 | 15 563,10 | 16 850,50 | 16 738,50 | 18 536,90 | 20 539,10 |
| Беларусь | 974,70 | 856,00 | 1 142,50 | 1 212,80 | 1 257,50 | 1 181,00 | 1 244,40 |
| Бельгия | 8 948,70 | 12 647,80 | 17 168,80 | 20 534,40 | 21 810,90 | 24 417,50 | 27 170,00 |
| Болгария | 622,70 | 1 253,10 | 1 218,80 | 1 482,90 | 1 516,30 | 1 563,00 | 1 729,50 |
| Венгрия | 2 453,60 | 3 533,60 | 4 703,10 | 5 059,20 | 5 439,20 | 6 168,60 | 5 861,00 |
| Германия | 86 954,80 | 114 097,60 | 142 320,20 | 153 293,20 | 150 788,80 | 161 232,50 | 174 857,30 |
| Греция | 1 873,00 | 2 797,40 | 3 858,20 | 4 321,20 | 4 703,80 | 5 087,40 | 6 059,20 |
| Дания | 6 958,00 | 8 515,70 | 9 877,90 | 10 238,80 | 10 839,00 | 11 301,50 | 13 301,10 |
| Ирландия | 3 141,90 | 3 839,40 | 4 575,40 | 5 208,30 | 5 543,30 | 6 379,40 | 6 605,00 |
| Испания | 20 065,30 | 19 815,30 | 23 656,30 | 25 775,90 | 26 008,00 | 29 188,40 | 33 387,00 |
| Италия | 25 379,40 | 29 994,80 | 37 039,90 | 40 568,10 | 39 583,40 | 42 096,10 | 43 506,60 |
| Латвия | 224,90 | 305,90 | 380,10 | 406,80 | 470,80 | 517,20 | 588,90 |
| Литва | 487,50 | 874,00 | 954,50 | 1 125,50 | 1 303,20 | 1 435,50 | 1 479,00 |
| Люксембург | 652,10 | 769,40 | 829,90 | 889,50 | 843,60 | 919,30 | 934,10 |
| Нидерланды | 12 751,20 | 18 282,00 | 21 312,00 | 23 145,20 | 24 730,30 | 26 927,30 | 30 297,80 |
| Норвегия | 4 671,70 | 6 061,80 | 7 593,60 | 8 103,50 | 8 102,60 | 9 107,30 | 10 561,00 |
| Польша | 5 770,30 | 10 232,00 | 14 669,10 | 17 829,70 | 19 080,40 | 21 869,10 | 25 010,80 |
| Португалия | 4 424,60 | 3 819,80 | 4 847,60 | 5 433,00 | 5 961,90 | 6 713,20 | 7 880,40 |
| Республика Молдова | 67,10 | 81,20 | 82,30 | 86,30 | 83,80 | 94,30 | 95,00 |
| Румыния | 1 569,30 | 2 090,90 | 2 863,40 | 3 094,70 | 3 074,70 | 3 429,60 | 3 756,10 |
| Сербия | 655,80 | 859,20 | 1 127,90 | — | — | — | — |
| Словакия | 829,10 | 1 886,40 | 1 427,70 | 1 522,50 | 1 715,30 | 1 885,90 | 2 184,20 |
| Словения | 1 169,20 | 1 433,00 | 1 572,80 | 1 820,50 | 1 892,90 | 2 086,10 | 2 282,50 |
| Соединенное Королевство (Великобритания) | 37 533,20 | 62 972,80 | 84 852,30 | 89 094,80 | 94 639,00 | 102 609,10 | — |
| Украина | 3 151,80 | 2 677,20 | 2 530,90 | 2 622,10 | 2 645,30 | — | — |
| Финляндия | 7 740,50 | 6 687,90 | 7 540,50 | 8 126,40 | 8 643,10 | 9 569,50 | 10 311,40 |
| Франция | 50 853,90 | 60 541,30 | 68 654,00 | 75 681,70 | 76 072,60 | 80 917,10 | 85 167,20 |
| Чехия | 3 873,90 | 6 853,00 | 8 305,70 | 9 226,90 | 9 331,70 | 10 153,10 | 10 837,80 |
| Швейцария | — | 16 639,90 | — | 20 212,50 | — | 23 486,30 | — |
| Швеция | 12 542,10 | 15 489,10 | 18 086,30 | 19 927,70 | 20 843,20 | 22 457,70 | 24 336,00 |
| Эстония | 454,40 | 563,30 | 678,70 | 856,80 | 933,40 | 1 050,50 | 1 152,40 |
| Азербайджан | 295,30 | 320,50 | 279,70 | 334,50 | 342,60 | 424,80 | 345,70 |
| Армения | 52,10 | 72,90 | 66,90 | 79,20 | 91,10 | 97,00 | 111,70 |
| Израиль | 8 627,80 | 12 918,70 | 17 563,10 | 20 037,20 | 22 010,70 | 24 997,20 | 29 991,90 |
| Индия | 41 237,10 | 49 624,30 | 59 117,80 | — | 57 900,00 | — | — |
| Казахстан | 481,40 | 690,60 | 555,10 | 652,60 | 712,90 | 847,10 | 842,30 |
| Киргизия | 26,10 | 29,90 | 31,00 | 29,70 | 29,10 | 27,90 | 31,70 |
| Китай | 212 191,90 | 374 714,50 | 480 642,30 | 545 460,80 | 607 601,50 | 701 114,60 | 811 861,60 |
| Республика Корея | 52 146,60 | 76 922,00 | 100 282,60 | 105 064,40 | 112 221,20 | 123 459,90 | 138 995,20 |
| Сингапур | 7 384,70 | 10 489,80 | 10 600,90 | 11 345,50 | 12 457,70 | — | — |
| Таджикистан | 15,60 | 27,50 | 26,70 | 30,80 | 31,60 | 33,40 | — |
| Турция | 10 068,30 | 19 563,00 | 29 279,40 | 31 014,60 | 32 703,10 | 37 326,70 | 43 136,00 |
| Узбекистан | 240,80 | 344,90 | 289,20 | 279,20 | 350,40 | 365,30 | 492,50 |
| Япония | 140 511,50 | 168 514,00 | 172 035,80 | 173 928,40 | 174 926,40 | 183 467,40 | 200 769,80 |
| Южно-Африканская Республика | 4 384,60 | 5 558,80 | 5 365,70 | 4 880,90 | 4 627,10 | 5 176,90 | — |
| Аргентина | 4 156,50 | 5 351,30 | 5 388,60 | 5 056,90 | 5 477,60 | 6 239,90 | 7 376,90 |
| Бразилия | 32 465,00 | 41 330,00 | 36 735,00 | 39 251,00 | 36 788,00 | 36 480,00 | — |
| Канада | 24 885,80 | 27 010,30 | 32 190,00 | 33 354,40 | 35 739,70 | 39 767,30 | 41 351,00 |
| Мексика | 8 559,60 | 9 577,00 | 7 788,10 | 7 182,90 | 6 917,30 | — | — |
| США | 408 495,00 | 507 372,00 | 617 722,00 | 677 286,00 | 730 241,00 | 821 811,00 | 923 243,00 |
| Австралия | 20 560,30 | 21 157,10 | — | 24 397,40 | — | 27 353,30 | — |
| Новая Зеландия | — | 2 121,80 | — | 3 166,40 | — | 3 610,50 | — |
How to read this table
Comparing countries is facilitated by the conversion of all expenditures into a single currency. The list includes Russia and other countries, such as Austria or Belarus, to show differences in innovation funding scales. Rows are distinguished by geographic location, with total annual expenditures for each country recorded for every year of the period
What is visible in these numbers
The five highest values: Germany (174,857), France (85,167), Russia (55,600), Italy (43,507), Spain (33,387). The gap between the highest and lowest is 1,841 times. The top five account for 68.8% of the total across all positions — the distribution is heavily skewed toward the top
Observations are annual and cover 7 periods. Cells with numbers: 175 out of 175 (100%) — almost no empty cells remain
The same indicator for other periods
More in the section Russia and countries of the world»
Period and application
Statistics are updated annually and cover the period from 2010 to 2022. Data on internal R&D expenditure in millions of US dollars is intended for economists, science specialists, and government officials involved in technological development budget planning
How it is calculated
Table notes: Calculated using purchasing power parity of national currencies
1) В расчете по паритету покупательной способности национальных валют.
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