The labor intensity change index reflects how effectively labor is used across different economic sectors. It is calculated as the ratio of the change in total working time to the change in output volume. The table presents data for thirty-four types of activity, including industrial production, mining, and manufacturing. The data covers the period from 2014 to 2023 and allows for an assessment of how the intensity of working time use has changed in each industry
Chart of the labor intensity change index by economic activity, 2014–2023
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2023
Industrial production
Industrial production / 2014: 96.1 Industrial production / 2015: 97.9 Industrial production / 2016: 98.7 Industrial production / 2017: 96.4 Industrial production / 2018: 95.7 Industrial production / 2019: 96.0 Industrial production / 2020: 98.6 Industrial production / 2021: 96.9 Industrial production / 2022: 99.8 Industrial production / 2023: 98.0 Mining and quarrying
Mining and quarrying / 2014: 97.0 Mining and quarrying / 2015: 99.4 Mining and quarrying / 2016: 98.0 Mining and quarrying / 2017: 98.8 Mining and quarrying / 2018: 97.2 Mining and quarrying / 2019: 97.6 Mining and quarrying / 2020: 105.0 Mining and quarrying / 2021: 98.8 Mining and quarrying / 2022: 102.0 Mining and quarrying / 2023: 103.6 Manufacturing industries
Manufacturing industries / 2014: 95.3 Manufacturing industries / 2015: 97.9 Manufacturing industries / 2016: 99.6 Manufacturing industries / 2017: 94.7 Manufacturing industries / 2018: 95.5 Manufacturing industries / 2019: 95.8 Manufacturing industries / 2020: 94.9 Manufacturing industries / 2021: 96.2 Manufacturing industries / 2022: 100.1 Manufacturing industries / 2023: 94.7 Supply of electricity, gas and st…Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning
Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2014: 97.9 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2015: 99.3 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2016: 97.7 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2017: 98.2 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2018: 97.1 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2019: 99.6 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2020: 100.1 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2021: 93.7 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2022: 98.3 Supply of electricity, gas and steam; air conditioning / 2023: 99.1 Water supply; sewerage, waste col…Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities
Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2014: 102.3 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2015: 105.0 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2016: 97.9 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2017: 100.2 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2018: 94.9 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2019: 94.8 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2020: 94.9 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2021: 92.4 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2022: 103.4 Water supply; sewerage, waste collection and disposal activities; remediation activities / 2023: 97.9 Coal mining
Coal mining / 2018: 93.9 Coal mining / 2019: 93.8 Coal mining / 2020: 101.0 Coal mining / 2021: 92.8 Coal mining / 2022: 104.8 Coal mining / 2023: 101.4 extraction of metal ores
extraction of metal ores / 2018: 94.9 extraction of metal ores / 2019: 98.6 extraction of metal ores / 2020: 97.2 extraction of metal ores / 2021: 104.6 extraction of metal ores / 2022: 108.8 extraction of metal ores / 2023: 100.5 Mining of other non-metallic mine…Mining of other non-metallic minerals
Mining of other non-metallic minerals / 2018: 101.0 Mining of other non-metallic minerals / 2019: 97.3 Mining of other non-metallic minerals / 2020: 112.1 Mining of other non-metallic minerals / 2021: 93.7 Mining of other non-metallic minerals / 2022: 92.1 Mining of other non-metallic minerals / 2023: 105.6 Support activities for mining
Support activities for mining / 2018: 91.3 Support activities for mining / 2019: 87.9 Support activities for mining / 2020: 94.3 Support activities for mining / 2021: 93.3 Support activities for mining / 2022: 102.9 Support activities for mining / 2023: 101.4 Manufacture of food products
Manufacture of food products / 2018: 96.7 Manufacture of food products / 2019: 98.8 Manufacture of food products / 2020: 95.7 Manufacture of food products / 2021: 99.4 Manufacture of food products / 2022: 101.3 Manufacture of food products / 2023: 94.6 Manufacture of beverages
Manufacture of beverages / 2018: 96.8 Manufacture of beverages / 2019: 97.0 Manufacture of beverages / 2020: 91.4 Manufacture of beverages / 2021: 90.6 Manufacture of beverages / 2022: 103.8 Manufacture of beverages / 2023: 118.0 Manufacture of tobacco products
Manufacture of tobacco products / 2018: 91.5 Manufacture of tobacco products / 2019: 122.0 Manufacture of tobacco products / 2020: 91.7 Manufacture of tobacco products / 2021: 114.3 Manufacture of tobacco products / 2022: 113.4 Manufacture of tobacco products / 2023: 119.8 Manufacture of textiles
Manufacture of textiles / 2018: 96.7 Manufacture of textiles / 2019: 103.1 Manufacture of textiles / 2020: 95.1 Manufacture of textiles / 2021: 88.6 Manufacture of textiles / 2022: 95.5 Manufacture of textiles / 2023: 100.0 Manufacture of wearing apparel
Manufacture of wearing apparel / 2018: 89.4 Manufacture of wearing apparel / 2019: 94.5 Manufacture of wearing apparel / 2020: 96.9 Manufacture of wearing apparel / 2021: 92.7 Manufacture of wearing apparel / 2022: 92.9 Manufacture of wearing apparel / 2023: 100.1 Manufacture of leather and relate…Manufacture of leather and related products
Manufacture of leather and related products / 2018: 106.4 Manufacture of leather and related products / 2019: 97.8 Manufacture of leather and related products / 2020: 113.1 Manufacture of leather and related products / 2021: 94.2 Manufacture of leather and related products / 2022: 96.6 Manufacture of leather and related products / 2023: 80.1 Manufacture of wood and of produc…Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials
Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials / 2018: 89.2 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials / 2019: 92.8 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials / 2020: 97.3 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials / 2021: 99.1 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials / 2022: 111.4 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials / 2023: 102.1 Manufacture of paper and paper pr…Manufacture of paper and paper products
Manufacture of paper and paper products / 2018: 91.7 Manufacture of paper and paper products / 2019: 98.5 Manufacture of paper and paper products / 2020: 87.5 Manufacture of paper and paper products / 2021: 104.8 Manufacture of paper and paper products / 2022: 93.7 Manufacture of paper and paper products / 2023: 96.8 Printing and reproduction of reco…Printing and reproduction of recorded media
Printing and reproduction of recorded media / 2018: 77.5 Printing and reproduction of recorded media / 2019: 86.9 Printing and reproduction of recorded media / 2020: 91.8 Printing and reproduction of recorded media / 2021: 87.8 Printing and reproduction of recorded media / 2022: 79.3 Printing and reproduction of recorded media / 2023: 84.8 Manufacture of coke and refined p…Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products
Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products / 2018: 94.4 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products / 2019: 101.6 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products / 2020: 104.7 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products / 2021: 94.2 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products / 2022: 106.1 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products / 2023: 103.9 Manufacture of basic chemicals an…Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products
Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products / 2018: 98.6 Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products / 2019: 91.5 Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products / 2020: 92.3 Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products / 2021: 96.3 Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products / 2022: 105.3 Manufacture of basic chemicals and chemical products / 2023: 93.0 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals an…Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes
Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes / 2018: 98.5 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes / 2019: 79.4 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes / 2020: 79.2 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes / 2021: 99.6 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes / 2022: 87.9 Manufacture of pharmaceuticals and materials used for medical purposes / 2023: 101.0 Production of rubber and plastic …Production of rubber and plastic products
Production of rubber and plastic products / 2018: 96.6 Production of rubber and plastic products / 2019: 101.0 Production of rubber and plastic products / 2020: 94.6 Production of rubber and plastic products / 2021: 94.8 Production of rubber and plastic products / 2022: 99.8 Production of rubber and plastic products / 2023: 91.0 Production of other non‑metallic …Production of other non‑metallic mineral products
Production of other non‑metallic mineral products / 2018: 95.6 Production of other non‑metallic mineral products / 2019: 90.9 Production of other non‑metallic mineral products / 2020: 92.6 Production of other non‑metallic mineral products / 2021: 94.7 Production of other non‑metallic mineral products / 2022: 95.9 Production of other non‑metallic mineral products / 2023: 100.5 Metallurgical production
Metallurgical production / 2018: 96.7 Metallurgical production / 2019: 93.3 Metallurgical production / 2020: 99.4 Metallurgical production / 2021: 102.9 Metallurgical production / 2022: 101.2 Metallurgical production / 2023: 101.9 Production of finished metal prod…Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment
Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment / 2018: 97.3 Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment / 2019: 97.4 Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment / 2020: 97.5 Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment / 2021: 94.8 Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment / 2022: 88.5 Production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment / 2023: 85.9