Number of personnel employed, thousand man-years
thousand man-years / thousand man-years
- BRICS — China — of them researchers
- Russia — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent
- EU — Germany — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent
- EU — Germany — of them researchers
- Russia — of them researchers
- EU — Italy — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent
Who grew, who fell: 2010 → 2022
Set in numbers
Rosstat data for 2010–2022. Series: 54, period: 3. Unit of measurement — thousand man-years. Breakdown: Russia — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent; Russia — of them researchers; BRICS countries — China — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent; BRICS countries — China — of them researchers; EU countries — Austria — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent and others
BRICS countries — China — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent: the indicator increased from 2,554 to 6,354 over 2010–2022 — by a factor of 2.49. Of the 25 largest series, 23 increased, 2 decreased
All table numbers are series: 54
| Series | 2010 | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Россия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 840,00 | 729,40 | 736,70 |
| Россия — of them researchers | 442,10 | 389,20 | 390,50 |
| Страны БРИКС — Бразилия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 243,60 | — | — |
| Страны БРИКС — Бразилия — of them researchers | 138,70 | — | — |
| Страны БРИКС — Индия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 441,10 | — | — |
| Страны БРИКС — Индия — of them researchers | 192,80 | — | — |
| Страны БРИКС — Китай — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 2 553,80 | 5 716,30 | 6 353,60 |
| Страны БРИКС — Китай — of them researchers | 1 210,80 | 2 405,50 | 2 637,20 |
| Страны БРИКС — Южно-Африканская Республика — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 29,50 | 44,40 | — |
| Страны БРИКС — Южно-Африканская Республика — of them researchers | 18,70 | 27,80 | — |
| Страны ЕС — Австрия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 59,90 | 87,50 | 92,60 |
| Страны ЕС — Австрия — of them researchers | 36,60 | 56,50 | 59,90 |
| Страны ЕС — Бельгия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 60,10 | 119,20 | 126,10 |
| Страны ЕС — Бельгия — of them researchers | 40,80 | 76,20 | 80,90 |
| Страны ЕС — Венгрия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 31,50 | 61,10 | 62,70 |
| Страны ЕС — Венгрия — of them researchers | 21,30 | 43,30 | 45,80 |
| Страны ЕС — Германия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 548,70 | 753,90 | 784,60 |
| Страны ЕС — Германия — of them researchers | 328,00 | 461,60 | 484,40 |
| Страны ЕС — Дания — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 56,60 | 62,20 | 69,00 |
| Страны ЕС — Дания — of them researchers | 37,40 | 45,00 | 51,30 |
| Страны ЕС — Испания — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 222,00 | 249,50 | 263,40 |
| Страны ЕС — Испания — of them researchers | 134,70 | 154,10 | 161,80 |
| Страны ЕС — Италия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 225,60 | 333,10 | 323,00 |
| Страны ЕС — Италия — of them researchers | 103,40 | 159,00 | 160,70 |
| Страны ЕС — Литва — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 12,30 | 14,90 | 15,10 |
| Страны ЕС — Литва — of them researchers | 8,60 | 11,00 | 11,30 |
| Страны ЕС — Нидерланды — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 100,50 | 173,70 | 187,00 |
| Страны ЕС — Нидерланды — of them researchers | 53,70 | 106,10 | 114,90 |
| Страны ЕС — Польша — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 81,80 | 185,30 | 195,10 |
| Страны ЕС — Польша — of them researchers | 64,50 | 135,60 | 141,20 |
| Страны ЕС — Финляндия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 55,90 | 56,50 | 57,00 |
| Страны ЕС — Финляндия — of them researchers | 41,40 | 43,60 | 44,80 |
| Страны ЕС — Франция — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 397,80 | 496,30 | 513,70 |
| Страны ЕС — Франция — of them researchers | 243,50 | 333,80 | 345,60 |
| Страны ЕС — Швеция — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 77,40 | 98,40 | 105,60 |
| Страны ЕС — Швеция — of them researchers | 49,30 | 84,70 | 90,10 |
| Другие страны — Австралия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 147,80 | — | — |
| Другие страны — Австралия — of them researchers | 100,40 | — | — |
| Другие страны — Аргентина — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 65,30 | 87,90 | 90,10 |
| Другие страны — Аргентина — of them researchers | 46,20 | 58,30 | 58,80 |
| Другие страны — Канада — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 233,10 | 289,20 | — |
| Другие страны — Канада — of them researchers | 158,70 | 207,40 | — |
| Другие страны — Норвегия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 36,10 | 51,90 | 53,60 |
| Другие страны — Норвегия — of them researchers | 26,50 | 39,00 | 40,10 |
| Другие страны — Республика Корея — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 335,20 | 577,10 | 602,20 |
| Другие страны — Республика Корея — of them researchers | 264,10 | 470,70 | 488,80 |
| Другие страны — Соединенное Королевство (Великобритания) — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 350,80 | — | — |
| Другие страны — Соединенное Королевство (Великобритания) — of them researchers | 256,60 | — | — |
| Другие страны — США — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | — | 2 646,50 | — |
| Другие страны — США — of them researchers | 1 098,80 | 1 639,30 | — |
| Другие страны — Турция — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 81,80 | 243,90 | 272,60 |
| Другие страны — Турция — of them researchers | 64,30 | 191,00 | 215,50 |
| Другие страны — Япония — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 877,90 | 942,00 | 940,10 |
| Другие страны — Япония — of them researchers | 656,00 | 704,50 | 705,60 |
What is visible in these numbers
Top five values: BRICS countries — China — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent (6,354), BRICS countries — China — of them researchers (2,637), Russia — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent (840), EU countries — Germany — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent (784.6), EU countries — Germany — of them researchers (484.4). The gap between the highest and lowest values is 562.3 times. The top five account for 80.6% of the total across all entries — the distribution is heavily skewed toward the top
Observations are annual; there are 3 periods in total. 75 of 75 possible values are filled (100%) — missing data are virtually nonexistent
The same indicator for other periods
These series cannot be stitched together Over the common period 2010 values diverge — Rosstat recalculated the indicator using a revised methodology. They cannot be combined into a single chart: a break would appear at the junction, which did not actually occur
| Indicator for 2010 | here | in the adjacent series | divergence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Россия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 840,0 | 840,0 | +0,0 |
| Россия — of them researchers | 442,1 | 442,1 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Бразилия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 243,6 | 243,6 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Бразилия — of them researchers | 138,7 | 138,7 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Индия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 441,1 | 441,1 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Индия — of them researchers | 192,8 | 192,8 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Китай — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 2 553,8 | 2 553,8 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Китай — of them researchers | 1 210,8 | 1 210,8 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Южно-Африканская Республика — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 29,5 | 29,5 | +0,0 |
| Страны БРИКС — Южно-Африканская Республика — of them researchers | 18,7 | 18,7 | +0,0 |
| Страны ЕС — Австрия — Research and development personnel in full-time equivalent | 59,9 | 59,9 | +0,0 |
| Страны ЕС — Австрия — of them researchers | 36,6 | 36,6 | +0,0 |
More in the section Russian Statistical Yearbook»
How it is calculated
Table notes: For foreign countries, the source of information is OECD and UNESCO databases. 2023 — 735.9
1) По зарубежным странам источник информации – базы данных ОЭСР и ЮНЕСКО.
2) 2023 г. – 735,9.
3) 2023 г. – 390,5.
1) Data sources for foreign countries areOECD and UNESCO databases.
2) 2023 – 735,9.
3) 2023 – 390,5.
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