Distribution of internal R&D expenditures
In 2023, domestic R&D expenditure was distributed among various science sectors, such as the business, government, and non-profit institutions sectors. The rows in the list represent different countries, including Russia, Austria, and Belgium, allowing for a comparison of the structure of scientific activity across different states. Data are presented as a percentage of total expenditure in each country
Distribution of domestic R&D expenditure by science sector in 2023, in percent
Set in numbers
Rosstat data. Series: 52, indicators: 5. Shown by items: Russia; Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria; Germany and others
The five largest values: Russia (100), Austria (100), Belgium (100), Bulgaria (100), Germany (100). The top five account for 20% of the sum for all items
All table numbers are series: 52
| Series | Всего | Государственный сектор | Предпринимательский сектор | Сектор высшего образования | Сектор некоммерческих организаций |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Россия | 100,00 | 33,10 | 55,50 | 10,80 | 0,50 |
| Австрия | 100,00 | 7,50 | 68,90 | 23,10 | 0,50 |
| Беларусь | 100,00 | 22,60 | 68,10 | 9,30 | — |
| Бельгия | 100,00 | 9,20 | 74,10 | 16,10 | 0,60 |
| Болгария | 100,00 | 28,70 | 64,30 | 6,50 | 0,50 |
| Венгрия | 100,00 | 11,00 | 72,70 | 15,80 | — |
| Германия | 100,00 | 12,10 | 68,30 | 17,20 | 2,40 |
| Греция | 100,00 | 21,00 | 49,30 | 29,20 | 0,50 |
| Дания | 100,00 | 3,10 | 61,20 | 35,40 | 0,30 |
| Ирландия | 100,00 | 2,20 | 86,10 | 11,40 | 0,30 |
| Испания | 100,00 | 17,80 | 56,40 | 25,50 | 0,30 |
| Италия | 100,00 | 14,70 | 58,10 | 25,40 | 1,90 |
| Латвия | 100,00 | 19,20 | 36,30 | 44,60 | — |
| Литва | 100,00 | 15,20 | 41,40 | 42,90 | 0,50 |
| Люксембург | 100,00 | 26,50 | 46,30 | 27,20 | — |
| Нидерланды | 100,00 | 4,90 | 70,00 | 25,10 | — |
| Норвегия | 100,00 | 11,90 | 56,80 | 31,30 | — |
| Польша | 100,00 | 1,80 | 64,60 | 33,40 | 0,20 |
| Португалия | 100,00 | 4,50 | 62,70 | 30,20 | 2,60 |
| Республика Молдова | 100,00 | 21,60 | 19,20 | 59,20 | — |
| Румыния | 100,00 | 26,50 | 61,70 | 11,00 | 0,80 |
| Сербия | 100,00 | 26,30 | 43,70 | 30,00 | 0,00 |
| Словакия | 100,00 | 17,80 | 55,80 | 26,30 | 0,10 |
| Словения | 100,00 | 16,40 | 68,80 | 13,80 | 1,10 |
| Соединенное Королевство (Великобритания) | 100,00 | 5,10 | 70,60 | 23,00 | 1,20 |
| Украина | 100,00 | 40,00 | 52,10 | 7,90 | — |
| Финляндия | 100,00 | 7,60 | 67,60 | 24,20 | 0,60 |
| Франция | 100,00 | 11,40 | 65,60 | 21,00 | 2,00 |
| Чехия | 100,00 | 15,60 | 64,70 | 18,80 | 1,00 |
| Швейцария | 100,00 | 0,90 | 68,30 | 28,20 | 2,60 |
| Швеция | 100,00 | 4,10 | 74,30 | 21,40 | 0,20 |
| Эстония | 100,00 | 8,50 | 57,80 | 32,80 | 0,90 |
| Азербайджан | 100,00 | 78,40 | 2,70 | 18,80 | — |
| Армения | 100,00 | 59,90 | — | 40,10 | — |
| Израиль | 100,00 | 0,90 | 93,00 | 5,50 | 0,60 |
| Индия | 100,00 | 54,80 | 36,40 | 8,80 | — |
| Казахстан | 100,00 | 28,80 | 20,60 | 39,60 | 11,00 |
| Киргизия | 100,00 | 67,10 | 19,50 | 13,40 | — |
| Китай | 100,00 | 14,00 | 77,70 | 8,30 | — |
| Республика Корея | 100,00 | 9,60 | 79,20 | 9,10 | 2,10 |
| Сингапур | 100,00 | 22,30 | 64,20 | 13,50 | — |
| Таджикистан | 100,00 | 89,90 | — | 10,10 | — |
| Турция | 100,00 | 4,90 | 65,10 | 30,00 | — |
| Узбекистан | 100,00 | 63,30 | 20,00 | 16,00 | 0,60 |
| Япония | 100,00 | 8,70 | 79,10 | 11,10 | 1,10 |
| Южно-Африканская Республика | 100,00 | 23,80 | 35,50 | 36,40 | 4,30 |
| Аргентина | 100,00 | 36,70 | 42,10 | 19,60 | 1,50 |
| Канада | 100,00 | 6,00 | 59,20 | 34,40 | 0,50 |
| Мексика | 100,00 | 26,30 | 21,50 | 50,90 | 1,30 |
| США | 100,00 | 7,90 | 78,40 | 10,70 | 3,00 |
| Австралия | 100,00 | 9,50 | 53,30 | 33,50 | 3,70 |
| Новая Зеландия | 100,00 | 17,10 | 59,00 | 23,90 | — |
How to read this table
The expenditure structure in different countries can be compared by matching column values from the total to specific sectors. In this sample, Russia showed a distribution ranging from 100 percent in the total to 0.5 percent in the non-profit institutions sector. The various rows show the share of the budget in each country allocated to commercial R&D versus government or public projects
What is visible in these numbers
Table columns: Total; Government sector; Business enterprise sector; Higher education sector; Private non-profit sector
125 out of 125 possible values are filled (100%) — there are almost no empty cells left
More in the section Russia and countries of the world»
Period and application
The 2023 data reflect the structure of scientific activity at the level of individual states. This information is relevant for specialists in the economics of science, managers, and researchers studying international R&D funding standards. Rosstat data allow for a comparative analysis of science sectors without accounting for temporal dynamics
How it is calculated
Rosstat specifies: Or in the nearest year for which data are available
1) Или в ближайшем году, по которому имеются данные.
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