Russia's GDP per capita: how much in rubles, in dollars, and by PPP

2026-09-27 · National accounts

Russia's GDP per capita in 2024 amounted to 1,384,473 rubles; this is about 115 thousand rubles per month for every resident, including children and pensioners. By purchasing power parity, it comes to 47,686 dollars, and if you divide the rubles by the average dollar exchange rate for 2024, you get about 15 thousand dollars. All three figures are correct; they simply answer different questions. Data from Rosstat, the last published year is 2024.

Below we analyze where the three-fold difference between dollars by exchange rate and by PPP comes from, how much of the ruble growth is due to prices, where Russia stands among other countries, and why GDP per capita in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug is 70 times higher than in Ingushetia. Each figure can be opened on an interactive chart.

GDP per capita in rubles by year

Rosstat divides the total gross domestic product for the year by the average annual population.

In current prices, rubles per person per year.

For 2024, the indicator added 193 thousand rubles, or 16.2%. Since 2011, it has grown 3.3 times and has decreased only once during this time, in 2020. The threshold of one million rubles per person was passed in 2022.

Open interactive chart of GDP per capita in rubles →

The series goes deeper, into the 1990s: in 1998, GDP per capita was 17,807 rubles, in 2000 it was 49,835. The full table since 1998 is collected on the page "GDP per capita by year".

How much of this price growth is real growth

Figures in rubles are calculated in current prices, which means they include inflation. To see how much more the country has produced per capita, Rosstat separately publishes the physical volume index of GDP per capita, i.e., growth in constant prices.

In 2024, GDP per capita in rubles grew by 16.2%, while in constant prices it grew by 5.04%. The rest was driven by price increases. From 2011 to 2024, the real increase, if annual indices are multiplied, amounted to about 22%, while in ruble terms the indicator grew 3.3 times over the same period.

Five out of thirteen years ended in a decline: three in a row in 2014–2016, the pandemic year 2020, and 2022. However, the last two years have seen the fastest growth since 2012, excluding the recovery year 2021.

View physical volume indices of GDP per capita →

The deepest drop in the entire series occurred earlier, in 2009: minus 7.85% for the year. The years from 1995 to 2011 are in a separate table.

GDP per capita in dollars: by exchange rate and by parity

Some sources write that Russia's GDP per capita is about 15 thousand dollars, others name almost 48 thousand. Everything depends on which exchange rate is used to divide the rubles.

By exchange rate. We take 1,384,473 rubles and divide it by the average dollar exchange rate for 2024, 92.44 rubles. The result is about 14,977 dollars. This is calculated when one needs to understand how many goods a country can buy abroad.

By purchasing power parity. We divide the same rubles by the parity, 29.03 rubles per dollar in 2024. This is a calculated rate: how many rubles in Russia are needed to buy the same set of goods and services that costs one dollar in the USA. The result is 47,691 dollars, and this matches the estimate published by Rosstat of 47,686 dollars, accurate to the rounding of the parity. PPP is used when comparing how people live in different countries.

"By rate" is our recalculation of ruble GDP per capita using the average annual exchange rate from the Rosstat yearbook.

Parity changes smoothly, the exchange rate jumps. Therefore, the line for PPP goes up almost without stopping, while the line for the exchange rate dipped in 2015 along with the ruble, jumped to a maximum in 2022, and fell in 2023, even though GDP per capita in rubles grew.

The ratio of parity to the exchange rate shows how much lower prices in the country are compared to American ones. In 2024, this is 29.03 to 92.44, approximately 0.31. A dollar exchanged for rubles at the exchange rate buys about three times as much in Russia as it does in the USA. Hence the triple gap.

Open GDP per capita by PPP since 1995 → · purchasing power parity by year → · currency exchange rates →

The size of the economy as a whole, without dividing by inhabitants, and its growth since 1995 are analyzed in the article "Russia's GDP by year".

Russia among other countries

To compare countries, Rosstat publishes the results of international comparisons: GDP per capita by parity, with the US level equal to 100. The most recent data on the website is for 2021.

In 2021, GDP per capita in Russia was 55% of the US level. Portugal has the same figure, Poland has slightly more (56), and Hungary has slightly less (54). Out of 40 countries in the table, Russia shares 21st place with Portugal.

The same table contains a second column, and it describes people's lives more accurately. Actual individual consumption of households per capita, that is, everything that families buy themselves and receive from the state for free (schools, clinics), amounted to 43% of the US level in Russia, compared to 55% for GDP. The rest goes into investments, net exports, and general government expenditures that are not attributed to a specific family.

Compare all 40 countries by GDP, consumption, and accumulation →

GDP per capita and personal income: why these are different things

A common mistake is to divide 1.38 million rubles by 12 months and decide that this is what a person receives on average. No. GDP includes company profits, taxes, and the depreciation of factories and equipment. Wages are only one part of it.

For comparison: the average accrued salary in 2024 was 89,069 rubles per month, which is 1,068,828 rubles for the year. And only an employee receives it, while GDP is divided among all residents, including children and pensioners. Average salary by year →

Consumption is closer to income. In terms of parity, it amounted to 22,888 dollars per person in 2021, with a GDP per capita of 38,638, which is about 59%. Actual household consumption at PPP →

GRP per capita by region

Regions have their own indicator, the Gross Regional Product (GRP). It is calculated in the same way, but only for the region. The sum of the GRP of all regions does not exactly match the country's GDP, so a comparison between a region and the country is approximate.

The spread is enormous. Data for 2024:

Nenets Okrug is 70 times ahead of Ingushetia. In the top three, all three okrugs live off oil and gas: extraction generates huge value, but there are few residents. Therefore, GRP per capita there does not mean that the residents of the okrug are four and a half times richer than Muscovites: most of this value belongs to extraction companies, not people.

Only 15 regions out of 85 are above 1.38 million rubles per person, that is, above the GDP per capita for the country. The last one on this list is Arkhangelsk Oblast (1,449,247), followed by Amur Oblast (1,365,680).

Ranking of all regions by GRP per capita → · GRP per capita in Moscow → · in Yamalo-Nenets Okrug →

Frequently asked questions

What is the GDP per capita in Russia in 2024?

1,384,473 rubles, or about 115 thousand per month per person. By PPP it is 47,686 dollars, at the average exchange rate it is about 15 thousand.

Why is GDP per capita by PPP three times higher than by exchange rate?

Prices in Russia are lower than in the US: the parity in 2024 is 29.03 rubles per dollar, the average exchange rate is 92.44. PPP takes this into account.

What is the GDP per capita in 2025?

Rosstat has not published it. A note to the table states that publication is suspended starting with data for 2025. The GDP for 2025 by PPP is available, 7,235.6 billion dollars, but there is no per capita estimate yet.

Are the new regions included?

No. According to the Rosstat note to the table, the data are provided excluding the DPR, LPR, Zaporozhye and Kherson regions.

What is Russia's rank in GDP per capita?

In the Rosstat comparison for 2021, Russia is in 21st place out of 40 countries, along with Portugal.

In brief

• Russia's GDP per capita in 2024: 1,384,473 rubles, 16.2% more than in 2023. In constant prices, the growth is 5.04%.
• In dollars by PPP, this is 47,686, at the average exchange rate it is about 15 thousand. The gap is threefold because prices in Russia are approximately three times lower than in the US.
• From 2011 to 2024, the real growth in GDP per capita is about 22%.
• In 2021, GDP per capita in Russia was at the level of 55% of the US, similar to Portugal and almost like Poland.
• The gap between regions is 70-fold: from 14.3 million rubles in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug to 205 thousand in Ingushetia.

See also

• Rating of regions by GRP per capita
• Russia's GDP by year: total size of the economy
• Real incomes of the population by year